Earth Space Vocabulary

Granite (igenous)

It forms when magma or molten rock, cools and harden. Magma is called lava when it exposed at Earth's surface.

Granite

Sandstone (sedimentary)

Deposits are compressed, comented together and harden, sedimentary rock forms.

Sandstone

Gneiss (metamorphic)

Forces and processes, including tremendous [ressure, extreme heat and chemical processes,
also can change the form of existing rock.

Gneiss

Extrusive Igneous Rocks

Form when magma makes its way to Earth's surface. The molten rock erupts or
flows above the surface as lava, and then cools forming rock.

Extrusive

Intrusive Igneous Rocks

Rocks formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath Earth Surface.

Fossil Fuel

Fossil Fuel

A nonrenewable energy source that formed from the remains organisms that lived long ago;
Example:
Oil, Coal and Natural Gas

Fossil Fuel

Foulting

A break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another; a form a battle strain

Folding

A form of ductile strain in which rock layers bend, usually as a result of compression

Earthquakes

A movement or trembling of the ground that is caused by a sudden release of energy when rocks along a fault move

Tsunami

A giant ocean wave that forms from a volcanis eruption, submarine earthquake, or landslide

Seismograph

An instrument that record vibrations in the ground

Pwaves

A primary wave, or compression wave; seismis wave that causes particles of rock to move in back-and-forth.
They're the fastest seismic waves and can travel through solid, liquids and gases

Swaves

A secondly wave, or shear wave; a seismic wave that causes particles rock to move in side-to-side.
They're the second-fastest seismic waves and can travel only trough solids.

Subduction Zone

Where one tectonic plate moves under another

Mid-Ocean Ridge

Form underwater mountain ranges that run along the floors of all oceans

Hot Spot

A volcanically active area of Earth's surface, commonly far from a tectonic plat boundary

Mafic

Describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron that is generally dark in color

Felsic

Describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in fedspar and silica and that is generally light in color

3 Types ov Volcanoes

Shield Volcanoes
Cinder cones
Composite Volcanoes

2 Types of Weathering

Mechanical
Quemicla

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